Understanding Brachial Plexus Injuries
The brachial plexus is a network of nerves that travels from the neck through the shoulder and into the arm, controlling movement and sensation throughout the upper limb.
Injury to this nerve network can cause anything from mild tingling to significant weakness or paralysis, depending on severity. Our clinic evaluates and manages brachial plexus injuries with a focus on restoring function and nerve health.
What Is the Brachial Plexus?
Originating from nerve roots in the neck, the brachial plexus branches into the major nerves that supply the shoulder, arm, and hand. Because of its long path through a mobile region of the body, it's vulnerable to stretching, compression, or direct trauma, particularly during high-impact injuries or difficult childbirth.
Common Causes of Brachial Plexus Injuries
- Traction injuries from falls, sports collisions, or motor vehicle accidents
- Shoulder dislocation stretching the nearby nerve network
- Birth-related injury when the shoulder is stretched during delivery
- Direct trauma or penetrating injury to the neck and shoulder region
Symptoms of Brachial Plexus Injury
- Weakness or paralysis in part or all of the arm
- Numbness or altered sensation along the arm and hand
- Burning or shooting pain radiating from the shoulder
- Loss of coordination or fine motor control in the hand
Treatment for Brachial Plexus Injuries
- Observation and monitoring: appropriate for milder stretch injuries that may recover naturally
- Structured physiotherapy: maintains joint mobility and supports nerve recovery
- Pain management: addresses nerve-related discomfort during recovery
- Nerve or tendon transfer surgery: considered for severe, non-recovering injuries
Frequently Asked Questions
Can brachial plexus injuries heal on their own?
Milder stretch injuries often improve gradually over weeks to months, while more severe nerve damage may require surgical intervention for meaningful recovery.
How long does recovery from a brachial plexus injury take?
Recovery timelines vary widely, from a few weeks for mild stretch injuries to a year or more for more significant nerve damage.
Is physiotherapy important during brachial plexus recovery?
Yes, it helps maintain joint mobility and muscle health while the nerve heals, preventing stiffness that could limit function even after nerve recovery.
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